2.1 Song of the Open Road -Walt Whitman
SECTION TWO
2.1 Song of the Open Road
-Walt Whitman
ICE BREAKERS
* Choose the mode of travel that you would like the most for a journey. a) Airways b) Waterways c) Railways d) Roadways
Give reasons for your preference. ANSWERS:-
a) Airways:- Safe mode and efficient
services, Covering the longest distance in a short period, Best in emergency
traveling, no physical barriers such as forests, hills, mountains, and
seas-oceans.
b) Waterways:- Less use for public
transport, Use only for international goods transport, Can’t cover all places,
can see marine life in seas and oceans.
c) Railways:- Traveling and transport
with less amount, no traffic issues and easily accessible.
d) Roadways:- Can travel anywhere
with our own time, covers a short and long-distance, eco-friendly journey.
*Discuss with your partner, the preparations you would like to make for the journey chosen. a) We will buy our ticket and decide how to spend the time required during the journey.
b) Will keep required medicines, food, cash, luggage bag, cellphone, charger and ID card, etc.
c) Will get the full information and decide the place to stay for some days.
d) Will make a plan before leaving the place.
*Discuss the ways in which you would overcome the problems/hindrances/difficulties you face during your journey. a) We will keep the contacts of relatives, friends, and, police in an emergency.
b) Will be ready to face any problems in the journey.
c) Will take the help of local people.
d) Will keep a calm mind and will take the right decision for a solution.
e) Will use google Maps while traveling.
*During every journey we have to observe certain rules. Discuss your ideas for the journey without any restrictions. You can begin like this----
a) I would go alone/ with selected friends------
b) I would go with my family members and friends.
c) I would take some important things for safety,
d) I would use my own vehicle (car or bike).
e) I
would travel anywhere I want without any planning.
Introduction of the poet
Walt Whitman (1819 to 1892) was an American poet, essayist
and journalist. Whitman is among the most influential poets in the
American canon and is often called ‘The Father of Free Verse.’ He grew up
in Huntington in a family with difficult economic status. His major work
‘Leaves of Grass’ was published in July 1855. His ‘O Captain! My Captain!’,
a poem written on the death of Abraham Lincoln, is widely popular.
वॉल्ट व्हिटमन (1819 ते 1892) हे अमेरिकन कवी, निबंधकार आणि पत्रकार होते. व्हिटमन हे अमेरिकन कॅननमधील सर्वात प्रभावशाली कवी आहेत आणि त्यांना बर्याचदा ‘ फ्री व्हर्सचे जनक’ म्हटले जाते. तो हंटिंग्टनमध्ये कठीण आर्थिक स्थिती असलेल्या कुटुंबात वाढले. जुलै १८५५ मध्ये ‘लीव्हज ऑफ ग्रास’ हे त्यांचे प्रमुख कविताग्रंथ प्रकाशित झाले. त्यांचे ‘ओ कॅप्टन! माय कॅप्टन!’ ही अब्राहम लिंकनच्या मृत्यूवर लिहिलेली कविता सर्वत्र लोकप्रिय आहे.
The section one of ‘Song of the Open Road’ from
‘Leaves of Grass’, is a beautiful blend of self-awareness, free will and
tenderness of heart. It gives us poet’s realization that along the journey of
life one will face a test of wisdom which is not tested in any school or
university. A road is something everyone uses, whether rich or poor and it
forces all levels of people to associate with one another. The road signifies
‘mobility.’ One can take the road as a point to start over towards something
new. Whitman talks about the people and places. He argues against staying in
one place for too long, although the hospitality may be true.
‘लीव्हज ऑफ ग्रास’ मधील ‘सॉन्ग ऑफ द ओपन रोड’ मधील सेक्शन एक, आत्म-जागरूकता, इच्छाशक्ती आणि हृदयाची कोमलता यांचे सुंदर मिश्रण आहे. जीवनाच्या प्रवासात एखाद्याला शहाणपणाच्या परीक्षेला सामोरे जावे लागते, ज्याची परीक्षा कोणत्याही शाळेत किंवा विद्यापीठात होत नाही, याची कवीला जाणीव होते. रस्ता अशी गोष्ट आहे जी प्रत्येकजण वापरतो, मग तो श्रीमंत असो किंवा गरीब आणि तो सर्व स्तरातील लोकांना एकमेकांशी जोडण्यास भाग पाडतो. रस्ता हा ‘गतिशीलता’ दर्शवतो. एखादी व्यक्ती काहीतरी नवीन दिशेने सुरुवात करण्यासाठी रस्ता बिंदू मानू शकते. व्हिटमन लोक आणि ठिकाणांबद्दल बोलतो. आतिथ्य/पाहुणचार जरी खरे असले तरी ते एका ठिकाणी जास्त काळ राहण्याविरुद्ध वक्तव्य करतात.
STANZA 1
Afoot
and light-hearted I take to the open road,
Healthy,
free, the world before me,
The long brown path before me leading wherever I choose.
*Afoot- going on , *light hearted- happily, *take to- begin/ start
*I- traveler/anyone/poet *Long brown path- freedom image, earth
STANZA 2
Henceforth
I ask not good-fortune, I myself am good-fortune,
Henceforth
I whimper no more, postpone no more, need nothing,
Done
with indoor complaints, libraries, querulous criticisms,
Strong and content I travel the open road.
*Henceforth-from now, *good fortune- good
luck, *whimper- sadness/unhappiness/cries/weak, *postpone- delay/waste time,
*indoor- daily life, *libraries- knowledge,
*querulous- complaining/irritation,
*criticism- blame to others
*content- happy/satisfied
STANZA
3
The
earth, that is sufficient,
I
do not want the constellations any nearer,
I
know they are very well where they are,
I know they suffice for those who belong to them.
*sufficient/suffce- enough, *Belong to- related to
*constellations- groups of influential
people/fate
STANZA 4
(Still
here I carry my old delicious burdens,
I
carry them, men and women, I carry them with me wherever I go,
I
swear it is impossible for me to get rid of them,
I am fill’d with them, and I will fill them in return.)
*Delicious-tasty,(here)- sweet memories of the past *swear- affirm/ definitely, to get rid of-
free from
2.1 Song of the Open Road
Title:
The title of the poem is very significant as Whitman has used the word ‘Song’ with a definite purpose that he enjoys to travel on the open road without any tension and worries of past, present and future and face life without any complaint against his life. The poet wishes to move ahead on the road of life with his own will and goodness. The Song of the open road also indicates Freedom.
Introduction-
Song of the open road is a poem by Walt Whitman. It is taken from the collection "Leaves of Grass". It was written in 1856. Walt Whitman strongly advocated the importance of democracy & Freedom. The poem ‘Song of the Open Road’ is written in the free verse and is in the form of a monologue by the poet. The poet intends to express his open thoughts over the journey of life taken on different roads.
The unrhymed and varying length of lines shows the complexities and the ups and downs one faces in his /her life. It also indicates the poet’s inner desire to enjoy life to its fullest without bothering about the tensions and worries.
It is an inspirational poem written in the form of narration. This poem is an Ode to one’s self.
Poet: Walt Whitman
Walt Whitman was an American poet, essayist and journalist. He is often called the father of free verse. He was born on Long Island in 1819 and grew up in the New York area. He had very little formal schooling, but he considered himself to be a lifelong learner. Whitman died at the age of 72 after suffering a stroke in 1892. His poem 'O' Captain, My Captain' and his poetry collection 'Leaves of Grass' are his remarkable literary works.
New words with their meanings
1. Afoot- going on foot, walking, in motion
2. brown path- bare land
3. postpone- to stop for a few days
4. suffice- enough, adequate, sufficient
5. delicious burdens(here)- sweet memories of the past
6. whimper - low voice of cry or agony, unhappiness, sadness
7. querulous - argumentative, complaining
8. constellations - Here it means group, collection, gathering of people
9. light-hearted – cheerful, care-free
10.take to – begin
2.1 Song Of The Open Road (FIGURES OF SPEECH)
1. Afoot and light-hearted I take to the open road
Synecdoche - A word Afoot, part of body is used to refer to the poet or traveler.
2. Afoot and light-hearted I take to the open road
Inversion- The words are not coming in a proper prose order. The correct prose order is ‘I take to the open road Afoot and light hearted’
3. Healthy, free, the world before me
Inversion- The words are not coming in a proper prose order . The correct prose order is ‘ The world before me is healthy and free’
4. The long brown path before me leading wherever I choose.
Symbol-The brown path is used as symbol for the road.
5. The long brown path before me leading wherever I choose.
Alliteration -The letter 'b' is repeated here pleasingly.
6. Henceforth I ask not good-fortune, I myself am good-fortune.
Repetition -The words are repeated here pleasingly
7. Henceforth I whimper no more postpone no more, need nothing
Repetition -The words are repeated here pleasingly.
8. Henceforth I whimper no more postpone no more, need nothing
Climax -The words are arranged here in ascending order.
9. Done with indoor complaints, libraries, querulous criticisms
Alliteration -The sound 'k' is repeated here pleasingly.
10. Done with indoor complaints, libraries, querulous criticisms
Climax -The words are arranged here in ascending order.
11. Done with indoor complaints, libraries, querulous criticisms
Tautology -The same meaning words repeated , querulous criticisms
12. Strong and content, I travel the open road
Inversion -The words are not coming in a proper prose order
13. The earth is sufficient, I do not want the constellations any nearer
Inversion -The words are not coming in a proper prose order
14. I know they are very well where they are, I know they suffice for those who belong to them
Repetition-The words ' I know' are repeated here pleasingly.
15. Still here I carry my old delicious burdens
Paradox -The absurd statement is made here.
16. Still here I carry my old delicious burdens
Metaphor - 'Delicious burdens'- is implicity/ indirectly compared with a memories.
17. I carry them, men and wome, I carry them with me wherever I go
Repetition-The words I carry repeated here pleasingly.
18. I swear it is impossible for me to get rid of them, I am filled with them, and I will fill them in return.
Repetition -The word 'fill' is repeated here pleasingly.
SECTION TWO
2.1 Song of the Open Road -Walt Whitman
Critical Appreciation
About the Poem /Poet - The poem is written by Walt Whitman. He is an American poet, essayist and journalist. He is called "The Father of Free Verse'. The present poem is an ode. It is written in free verse. It is taken from Leaves of Grass'.
Theme - The poem speaks about the poet's journey of life. The poet says that he is light- hearted because he is going to the healthy and free world. He can choose his own path. The poet has confidence in himself so he does not want good fortune. He says not whimper, postponing or any negative thing. He wants to be away from complains and criticisms: He is satisfied in what he has. He does not want anything from fate or from anybody. In his journey, he has sweet memories as well as burdens. He does not want to get rid of them because he has attachment with them.
Poetic Style -The poem is in free verse so there is no rhyme scheme and rhyming pairs. The poem is metaphorical. Here 'the road' is the road of life, journey is life-period. You are free to make too many interpretations. Whitman separates his poem into four separate stanzas. With the exception of the first stanza, which contains only three lines, the other stanzas contain four lines of verse. The poem utilizes free verse; the lines are unrhymed and of varying lengths
The language/poetic devices used in the poem - The title of poem is suggestive and meaningful. It is metaphorical too. The poem is easy to understand büt figurative language is also used in it. Climax, inversion, metaphor, alliteration, repetition, synecdoche etc. add beauty to the poem. The poem is readable, inspiring and motivational. Here poet is not ready to stay in one place although his sweet memories are with that place. He is worshiper of freedom. He has democratic approach.
Special features - It is free verse. The poet uses simple and lucid language. It is metaphorical poem. The poem has written in first person pronoun 'I'
Opinion/Values/Moral/Message of the poem - I think the poet is successful in conveying his message to the reader. Really it is inspiring and motivational poem. It has taught me a new way to look at life
Line by Line Explanation:
The speaker of the poem is describing the journey which he is embarking on. Let's understand the poem deeply.
कवितेचा वक्ता तो सुरू असलेल्या प्रवासाचे वर्णन करतो. चला कविता खोलवर समजून घेऊया.
First Stanza:
In the first stanza, the speaker begins his journey.
The speaker says:
Afoot and light-hearted I
take to the open road,
Healthy, free, the world
before me,
The long brown path
before me leading
wherever I choose.
The speaker is getting ready (afoot) to start his journey on the open road. He is cheerful and open-minded, ready to experience the new world. The world is healthy and free. The road of his journey is long and brown. He will decide where the path will take him. He has all control of his journey.
मोकळ्या रस्त्यावरून प्रवास सुरू करण्यासाठी स्पीकर तयार होत आहे. तो आनंदी आणि खुल्या मनाचा आहे, नवीन जगाचा अनुभव घेण्यास तयार आहे. जग निरोगी आणि मुक्त आहे. त्याच्या प्रवासाचा रस्ता लांब आणि तपकिरी आहे. मार्ग त्याला कुठे घेऊन जाईल हे तो ठरवेल. त्याच्या प्रवासावर सर्व नियंत्रण असते.
Second Stanza:
The second stanza goes on with the thoughts expressed in the first three lines.
The speaker says:
Henceforth I ask not good-
fortune, I myself am good
fortune
Henceforth I whimper no
more, postpone no more,
need nothing,
Done with indoor
complaints, libraries,
querulous criticisms,
Strong and content, I travel
the open road.
In this stanza, the speaker says that he doesn't need to pray for good luck because he is pretty confident about his own capabilities. He will work hard for his bright future. So he says, " I myself am good fortune". He is neither going to delay nor complain about it. He will no longer cry or hesitate to do what he wants. He doesn't care about "querulous criticisms". He is strong and content and requires nothing. The Earth is enough to provide whatever he needs.
या श्लोकात, वक्ता म्हणतो की त्याला नशिबासाठी प्रार्थना करण्याची गरज नाही कारण त्याला त्याच्या स्वत:च्या क्षमतेवर पूर्ण विश्वास आहे. तो त्याच्या उज्ज्वल भविष्यासाठी कठोर परिश्रम करेल. म्हणून तो म्हणतो, "मी स्वतः भाग्यवान आहे". त्याबद्दल तो उशीरही करणार नाही किंवा तक्रार करणार नाही. तो यापुढे रडणार नाही किंवा त्याला पाहिजे ते करण्यास संकोच करणार नाही. त्याला "विचित्र टीका" ची पर्वा नाही. तो मजबूत आणि समाधानी आहे आणि त्याला कशाचीही गरज नाही. त्याला जे आवश्यक आहे ते पुरवण्यासाठी पृथ्वी पुरेशी आहे.
Third Stanza:
In the third stanza, The speaker Says:
The earth, that is sufficient
I do not want the
constellations any nearer,
I know they are very well
where they are,
I know they suffice for
those who belong to them.
Here, the poet says the earth is enough to provide whatever he needs. He does not wish for lucky stars to help him. He also doesn't need influential or powerful people to help him. He knows they are fine where they are, and he knows they are good enough for those who belong to them.
येथे, कवी म्हणतो की त्याला जे आवश्यक आहे ते पुरवण्यासाठी पृथ्वी पुरेशी आहे. त्याची इच्छा नाही त्याला मदत करण्यासाठी भाग्यवान तारे. त्याला मदत करण्यासाठी प्रभावशाली किंवा शक्तिशाली लोकांची देखील गरज नाही. ते जिथे आहेत तिथे ते ठीक आहेत हे त्याला माहीत आहे आणि जे त्यांच्या मालकीचे आहेत त्यांच्यासाठी ते पुरेसे चांगले आहेत हे त्याला माहीत आहे.
Fourth Stanza:
This last stanza is physically separated from the rest of the poem. The use of parentheses in this stanza is a distinctive feature of the poem that makes the stanza remarkable, rather than a continuation of the central topic of the poem. It indicates his free will and independence. He does not include himself in the group of people who belong to the constellations.
हा शेवटचा श्लोक शारीरिकदृष्ट्या उर्वरित कवितेपासून वेगळा आहे. या श्लोकातील कंसाचा वापर हे कवितेचे एक विशिष्ट वैशिष्ट्य आहे जे कवितेच्या मध्यवर्ती विषयाच्या निरंतरतेऐवजी श्लोक उल्लेखनीय बनवते. हे त्याची स्वतंत्र इच्छा आणि स्वातंत्र्य दर्शवते. तो स्वतःला नक्षत्रांच्या गटात समाविष्ट करत नाही.
The speaker says:
(Still I carry my old
delicious burdens,
I carry them, men and
Women, I carry them with
me wherever I go,
I swear it is impossible for
me to get rid of them,
I am fill'd with them, and I
will fill them in return.)
Here, the speaker admits that he also has his own burden, but instead of trying to get rid of them, he decided to carry them with him. He calls it "delicious burden". Maybe, there are wonderful attachments and relationships with burdens. He and his burdens share a symbiotic relationship of sorts: he is filled with his burdens, and in return, he fills them. The speaker is stating here that his burdens do not define him; rather, he accepts them and carries them with him wherever he goes.
येथे, वक्त्याने कबूल केले की त्याचे स्वतःचे ओझे देखील आहे, परंतु त्यापासून मुक्त होण्याचा प्रयत्न करण्याऐवजी त्यांनी त्यांना आपल्याबरोबर घेऊन जाण्याचा निर्णय घेतला. तो त्याला "स्वादिष्ट बोझ" म्हणतो. कदाचित, ओझ्यांसह आश्चर्यकारक संलग्नक आणि नातेसंबंध आहेत. तो आणि त्याचे ओझे एक प्रकारचे सहजीवन संबंध सामायिक करतात: तो त्याच्या ओझ्यांनी भरलेला असतो आणि त्या बदल्यात तो ते भरतो. वक्ता येथे सांगत आहे की त्याचे ओझे त्याची व्याख्या करत नाहीत; उलट, तो त्यांना स्वीकारतो आणि जिथे जातो तिथे त्यांना घेऊन जातो.
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