AUXILIARY VERBS( सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदे) SSC/HSC CLASS
AUXILIARY
VERBS( सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदे)
This is a list of English auxiliary verbs: ही इंग्रजी सहाय्यक क्रियापदांची यादी आहे:
AM, Is, Are, Was, Were, Do, Does, Did, Have, Has, Had,
Shall, Should, Will, Would, Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Have to, Has to, Had
to, Need to, Dare to, Ought to, Used To.
There are three types of Auxiliary verbs. सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदाचे तीन प्रकार आहेत.
1. Primary Auxiliary (प्राथमिक सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदे)
2. Modal Auxiliary (अभिवृत्तिवाचक सहायक क्रियापद)
3. Marginal Modal Auxiliaries/semi-modals
1. Primary Auxiliary (प्राथमिक सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदे)
To be- AM, Is, Are, Was, Were, Shall be, Will be.
To have- Have, Has, Had,
To do- Do, Does, Did,
खाली दिलेल्या To be, To have, To do च्या
क्रियापदांचा वापर कसा करायचा ते खालील वाक्यावरून समजून घेऊयात.
ª To be ची रूपे - Am, Is, Are, Was, Were, Shall be, Will be.
Am, Is, Are – या सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदांचा वापर हा simple present tense, present continuous tense या काळामध्ये होतो. तसेच passive voice मध्ये होतो.
For eg. Simple present tense
1. I am a teacher. 2. He
is a brilliant student. 3. She is a beautiful girl. 4. · It is a beautiful
place.
For eg. Present
continuous Tense
1. I am playing game. The
bufallo is eating grass. We are watching a movie.
For eg.
Passive Voice
1. Game is played by me.
2. Grass is eaten by the buffalo. 3. A movie is watched by us.
For eg. Simple past tense 1. I was a singer. 2. He was a banker. 3. She was a nice girl. 4. It was the earthquake. 5. You were a bus driver. 6. They were crazy people. 7. People were running on floor. 8. We were very busy last week.
For eg. Past continuous tense 1. I
was drinking fresh water. 2. He was learning Languages. 3. She was reading a
novel. 4. You were playing cricket. 5.
They were writing a book. 6. Students were singing a song. 7. It was raining very hard
For eg.
Passive Voice
1. Fresh water was drunk
by me. 2. Languages were being learnt by
him. 3. A novel was being read by her. 4. Cricket was played by you. 5. A book
was being written by them. A song was being sung by students.
Shall be, Will be- या सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदांचा वापर हा future tense या काळामध्ये
होतो. तसेच passive voice मध्ये होतो.
For eg. 1. I shall give you a gift.
2. I shall be late today.
3. We shall go to Mumbai.
4. You will know this.
5. You will be happy with her exam results.
6. He will take a bag.
7. She will get the train.
8. They will attend the party.
9. It will be rained today.
ª To have ची
रूपे - Have, Has,
Had,
Have, Has - या सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदांचा वापर हा present perfect tense, present perfect continuous tense या काळामध्ये होतो. तसेच passive voice मध्ये होतो.
For eg. 1. I have completed my work.
2. I have a car.
3. He has gone away.
4. She has a bag.
5. They had a bungalow last year.
6. She has adopted children
7. I have been in Paris.
8. They have been working on a project for 2 days.
9. We have been doing this since 2019.
10. I have been going to gym every day.
11. We had done our activities.
Had - या सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदाचा वापर हा past perfect tense, past perfect continuous tense या काळामध्ये होतो. तसेच passive voice मध्ये होतो.
For eg. 1. I had a black and red pen.
2. She had a good friend last year.
3. He had a dog. (not now)
4. We had a big dinner.
5. They had a two bungalows.
6. You had a great Science teacher.
7. I had been reading articles language for two hours.
9. You had been shopping with my friend in the market since two hours.
10. She had been shopping morning.
11. Children had been playing
baseball since afternoon.
To do ची रूपे – Do,
Does, Did,
या सहाय्यक क्रियापदांचा
वापर हा main verb किवा AUX. verb म्हणून सुद्धा होतो.
Do, Does - या सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदांचा वापर हा simple present tense या काळामध्ये होतो.
1. Do your work.
2. Don’t come today.
3. Do you have any money.
4. We don’t do that.
5. Does anyone bring this?
6. She does not play cricket.
7. He did not go now.
8. Did you know this?
9. They do their chores when they arrive home.
10. He does nothing all day.
11. She does charity work when she has time.
12. It doesn’t work.
Did - या सहाय्यकारी क्रियापदाचा वापर हा simple past tense या
काळामध्ये होतो.
1. I did my homework in record time.
2. You did something.
3. We did everything we could to help.
4. He did wrong.
5. Your friends didn’t get the e-mail.
6. Didn’t Mr. Patil call you?
2. Modal Auxiliary (अभिवृत्तिवाचक सहायक क्रियापद)
'can', 'could', 'will', 'would', 'shall', 'should', 'may', 'might', 'must' and 'ought'.
Modal auxiliary verbs often express the ideas of necessity and possibility.
It is a verb that is used with another verb to express a mood or tense.
3. Marginal Modal Auxiliaries/semi-modals
dare , need, used to and ought to. (dare to, need
to, ought to, used to) They are marginal because they do not share all the
properties of the others or do not do so regularly.
All three of which can function as either main
verbs or auxiliary
verbs
in a sentence.
Modal Auxiliaries आणि त्यांचे अर्थ-उपयोग खालील कोष्टक मध्ये दिले आहे
|
Auxiliary
|
Used
to express/Attitude or Functions |
अर्थ |
|
Can |
Ability, Possibility, Capacity, Request |
सामर्थ्य,शक्यता,क्षमता,विनंती |
|
Could |
Ability(past),
Possibility(future), Capacity,
Polite request, permission |
सामर्थ्य,शक्यता,क्षमता,विनंती, परवानगी |
|
Shall
|
Determination,
Future event |
निर्धार, भविष्यातील घटना |
|
Should
|
Advice,
Suggestion, Desirability |
सल्ला,उपदेश, इच्छा |
|
Will |
Certainty, (more)Definite |
निश्चितता |
|
Would/Used
to |
Habitual
action in the past |
भूतकाळातील सवयीची क्रिया |
|
May
|
Permission(at the
start of question sentence), Possibility(after the
subject), Request, Less certain/definite, wish/hope |
परवानगी, शक्यता, विनंती, इच्छा/ आशा |
|
Might
|
Less/Least-possibility/certain/definite |
खूपच कमी शक्यता |
|
Must/Ought
to |
Compulsion,
Obligation, Moral Duty |
सक्ती,बंधनकारक, नैतिक कर्तव्य |
|
Need
to |
Necessity |
गरज |
|
May
not |
Prohibition
|
मनाई |
|
Dare to |
Courage |
धैर्य, आव्हान |
Uses:-
1) Modal auxiliary doesn’t change according to the number or person of the subject.
2) A modal auxiliary is never used alone, it is always uses with main verb (V1) to show mood, ideas, and actions which given in above table.
3) When ‘not’ is used then modal auxiliary come with contracted form.
4) If there will be used of have to, has to, had to, used to, need
to, dare to, ought to then it will be directly replaced with another modal
auxiliary.
|
Sr.no |
Full form |
Contracted
form |
Sr.no |
Full
form |
Contracted
form |
|
1 |
Can not |
Can’t |
6 |
Could
not |
Couldn’t
|
|
2 |
May not |
Mayn’t |
7 |
Might
not |
Mightn’t
|
|
3 |
Shall not |
Shan’t |
8 |
Will not |
Won’t |
|
4 |
Should not |
Shouldn’t
|
9 |
Would
not |
Wouldn’t
|
|
5 |
Need not |
Needn’t |
10 |
Dare to |
Daren’t |
Below examples will help you
to understand Modal auxiliary in better way:-
We can learn English grammar. (ability)
We may learn English grammar. (possibility)
We will learn English grammar. (certainty/certain/definite)
We should learn English grammar. (advice/suggestion)
We must learn English grammar. (compulsion/obligation)
We need to learn English grammar. (necessity)
We would/used to learn English grammar. (habitual action in the past)
Question will be asked following ways in Board exam.
|
Rewrite using a modal auxiliary showing
‘---------’ |
|
Rewrite using a modal auxiliary indicates/denotes
‘------’ |
|
Use a modal
auxiliary showing ‘---------’
|
|
Rewrite it using another modal auxiliary showing
‘---------’ |
|
Rewrite the sentence using another modal auxiliary showing ‘---------’ |
|
Rewrite using ‘---------’
|
|
Replace modal auxiliary showing ‘---------’ |
|
Frame a sentence using another proper modal auxiliary
showing ‘---------’ |
|
Rewrite using the appropriate form of modal auxiliary. |
|
Replace by another proper/appropriate modal auxiliary |
Structure
Subject+M.A+v1+Object
SOLVED EXAMPLES
1) The labelling of human beings in terms of their interest should not be overdone. (obligation)
Ans- The labelling of human beings in terms of their interest must
not be overdone.
2) You may do just as you like. (compulsion)
Ans- You must do just as you like.
3) One should insist
on whole meal flour and whole meal bread. (less definite)
Ans- One may insist
on whole meal flour and whole meal bread.
4) People with
intellectual interest will do well in occupation dealing with ideas, rules,
regulations, facts and figures. (less certainty /certain/definite)
Ans- People with
intellectual interest may do well in occupation dealing with ideas, rules,
regulations, facts and figures.
5) You can halt at uttarkashi. (use definite/certain)
Ans- You will halt
at uttarkashi.
6) They may again be free. (make it more definite)
Ans- They will again
be free.
7) Deficiencies can be corrected when all the nutrients are supplied. (certainty/definite/certain)
Ans- Deficiencies will
be corrected when all the nutrients are supplied.
8) A skillful advertiser may
be able to create a monopoly. (use 'Can'/ability)
Ans- A skillful
advertiser can be able to create a monopoly.
9) I must go to
jail. (less definite/possibility)
Ans- I may go to
jail.
10) Wind and sun may
dry out the surface. (certain)
Ans- Wind and sun will
dry out the surface.
11) Young people should
be considered for employments.(certainty)
Ans- Young people will
be considered for employments.
12) The remaining journey
has to be undertaken on foot. (obligatory/obligation/compulsion)
Ans- The remaining
journey must be undertaken on foot.
13) They should be
marked out from their youth for the employment of an active type. (obligation/compulsion)
Ans- They must be
marked out from their youth for the employment of an active type.
14) You should protect
and develop our forests.(obligation/compulsion)
Ans- You must protect
and develop our forests.
15) Their interest may be literary.(certainty)
Ans- Their interest will be literary.
16) We must be healthy in order to be happy.
(Replace the modal auxiliary without changing
meaning)
Ans- We ought to
be healthy in order to be happy.
17) That may sound totally global. (Habitual action in the past)
Ans- That would/used
to sound totally global.
18) The Taj Will be washed clean with
salt free water. (necessity)
Ans- The Taj need to be
washed clean with salt free water.
19) We would play
in our childhood.(Replace the modal auxiliary without changing meaning)
Ans- We would play in our childhood.
20) Our teachers could grow enormously by learning from their
students. (advice)
Ans- Our teachers should
grow enormously by learning from their students.
21) We have to
complete our work within a month. (certainty)
Ans- We will
complete our work within a month.
22) I am very happy today. (obligation)
Ans- I must be very happy today.
23) She has to
receive a letter from the principal. (compulsion)
Ans- She must receive
a letter from the principal.
24) We need to
preserve and protect it's heritage. (advice.)
Ans- We should
preserve and protect it's heritage.
25) He had to stay
after school.(habitual action in the past)
Ans- He would/used to
stay after school.
|
More
examples for practice |
1. We can make the
necessary decisions to protect it.(Compulsion)
2. We worry about junk
food.(compulsion)
3. Culture and arts will
be strongly supported. (less definite)
4. It may intensity some
of its woes.(certainty)
5. He may have laughed in
the company of his friends.(definite)
6. Irrigation may be the
most obvious response to drought.(certainty)
7. Our society must weed
this malaise out from the root. (less certainty).
8. We must be healthy in
order to be happy. (Replace the modal auxiliary without changing meaning)
9. She had to die in the
end after all.(obligation)
10. You could pay eight
times the going rate for a 'lightning call'. (compulsion)
11.We can accept our life
gracefully. (compulsion)
12. This practice does
lead to certain oddities. (probability)
13. They should be
updated frequently. (compulsion)
14. I have to sell the
sacks. (obligation).
15. Moreover, Human
population will stabilize at about 11.5 billion.(less definite)
16. My little girl can
get tasty fruits from other gardens too.(showing certainty)
18. The earth could
withstand upto 200000 times the current population.(certainty)
19. I will try. (obligation).
20. You can sell waste to
the raddi-wallah and give him a small token of appreciation.(obligation)
21. I had nursed the
vague illusion that I might right.(use ability)
22) You could pay eight
times the going rate for ‘lightening call’(compulsion)
23) Check out the impact
of fast foods on Google. (advice)
24) The milk processing
industry is a small one. (obligation)
25) People used to take a
break from their morning walks.( use same meaning auxiliary verb)
Thank You
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